Chemical Properties
Off-White Solid
Originator
Tyzine,Pfizer,US,1954
Uses
2-Tetralin-1-yl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole hydrochloride is an alpha agonist, causing constriction of conjunctival blood vessels,it is used in over-the-counter eye drops, this compound relieves the redness left by ocular irritants.
Uses
adrenergic agonist, nasal decongestant
Definition
ChEBI: Tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of tetryzoline. It is used as a nasal decongestant. It has a role as a sympathomimetic agent, a vasoconstrictor agent and a nasal decongestant. It contains a tetryzoline(1+).
Manufacturing Process
A mixture of 540 grams (9.0 mols) of ethylenediamine, 270 grams (1.53
mols) of 1,2,3,4tetrahydro-α-naphthoic acid, and 360 ml (4.32 mols) of
concentrated hydrochloric acid was introduced into a two-liter, three-necked
flask fitted with a thermometer, stirrer, and distillation takeoff. The mixture
was distilled under a pressure of about 20 mm of mercury absolute until the
temperature rose to 210°C. Thereafter, heating was continued under
atmospheric pressure and when the temperature reached about 260°C, an
exothermic reaction was initiated. The heat was then adjusted to maintain a
reaction temperature of 275° to 280°C for 45 minutes and the mixture
thereafter cooled to room temperature.
900 ml of 4 N hydrochloric acid was added and the aqueous layer stirred with
warming until a clear, brown solution resulted. This brown solution was made
strongly alkaline with sodium hydroxide. The oil that separated solidified and
was collected on a filter leaving filtrate A. The solid was dissolved in 370 ml of
alcohol with warming, and the solution was treated with 130 ml of
concentrated hydrochloric acid with stirring and cooling. This acidified mixture
was diluted with 300 ml of ether and chilled. The solid salt was collected and
dried and the filtrate concentrated to approximately 300 ml, diluted with 300
ml of ether and the salt which separated collected and dried.
Filtrate A was extracted with ether, dried, acidified with alcoholic hydrogen
chloride, and the salt which separated was collected and dried. There was
thus obtained, when all the salt had been combined, 250 grams (69.3% of the
theoretical yield) of 2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)imidazoline
hydrochloride, melting at 256° to 257°C.
Brand name
Tetryzo-
line is INN and BAN; Tetryzoline Hydrochloride is JAN;
Tetrahydrozoline Nitrate is JAN.
Therapeutic Function
Nasal decongestant, Pharmaceutic aid
Biological Activity
Tetrahydrozoline is an α-adrenergic agonist and an imidazoline derivative. It plays a crucial role in the constriction of conjunctival blood vessels. Tetrahydrozoline is a common component of nasal and eye drop formulations.
